Ms. Simonsen\'s World History Class

TERMS: Enlightenment Ideas Spread

msimonsen — Wed, 26 Sep 2007 19:44:35 +0000

censorship: restricting access to ideas and information

salons: informal social gathering at which writers, artists, and philosophes, and others exchanged ideas

enlightened despot: absolute ruler who uses his or her power to bring about political or social change

Frederick the Great: Prussian king who became an enlightened despot and created reforms for a more efficient government

Catherine the Great: empress of Russia who became an enlightened despot and believed in ideas of equality and liberty

Enlightenment Terms

msimonsen — Tue, 18 Sep 2007 14:38:57 +0000

Enlightenment – “Age of Reason,” desire to acquire knowledge through reason

social contract – an agreement between people (who gave up their freedom) to a powerful government in order to avoid chaos

natural rights – the right of life, liberty, and property

Thomas Hobbes – believed people were naturally selfish and that the best government was an absolute monarchy to keep order

John Locke – believed people were reasonable beings and that rulers had to protect our natural rights (if not, people could overthrow gov’t)

Voltaire – believed in a “strong” monarchy who were enlightened rulers;

Rousseau – believed in a social contract where people gave up some of their freedoms for the “general will” of society – direct democracy

Montesquieu – proposed the separation of powers so that it prevented any individual or group from gaining total control of government

New Rules

msimonsen — Tue, 11 Sep 2007 23:24:46 +0000

Here’s the PPT with the new changes that will be taking place immediately regarding grading.

Democracy Part I Test

msimonsen — Wed, 05 Sep 2007 23:56:23 +0000

The scantron machine is out of ink and I was only able to grade half of your tests. We’ll see if they get refill it tomorrow.

Democratic Developments in England TERMS

msimonsen — Tue, 04 Sep 2007 19:45:40 +0000

common law – reflected customs and principles over time

feudalism – central governments collapsing into smaller kingdoms

Magna Carta (1215) – English document outlining civil rights and liberties

Parliament – England’s national legislature

divine right – monarchs were chosen by God

constitutional monarchy – powers of a king restricted by written law

English Bill of Rights (1689) – formal summary of the rights and liberties of all Englishmen

Glorious Revolution (1689) – overthrow of James II and the strengthening of Parliament

Henry II – king of England (1154) who broadened system of royal justice

absolute monarch – ruler with complete authority over government and people

Oliver Cromwell – statesman who helped make England a republic and then ruled as lord protector from 1653 to 1658

habeas corpus – principle that a person cannot be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime

limited monarchy – government in which a constitutional or legislative body limit the monarch’s powers

TEST Democracy: Part I

msimonsen — Fri, 31 Aug 2007 15:03:58 +0000

Our first test will be on Wednesday. We will have a review day on Tuesday and I will explain how you will turn in your notebooks. No notes allowed.

Dead Sea Scrolls

msimonsen — Thu, 30 Aug 2007 14:40:12 +0000

Today we talked a little bit about the Dead Sea Scrolls which comprise of many documents from the Hebrew Bible. The Natural History Museum in San Diego is having an exhibition until December of the manuscripts. A wonderful opportunity to see history come to life!

Terms Paragraph

msimonsen — Wed, 29 Aug 2007 23:02:50 +0000

I announced today that Terms paragraphs have been officially canceled. If you turned in a satisfactory paragraph last week you will receive credit, for those of you who didn’t, you won’t receive credit. This assignment will neither hurt nor help your grade. Please do not turn in a paragraph on Friday.

Democracy Test: Part I

msimonsen — Mon, 27 Aug 2007 18:05:01 +0000

Our first test on Greece, Rome, Judaism, and Christianity is tentatively scheduled for Tuesday the 4th.

Tips for studying:
1) reread your Terms paragraphs
2) review your Terms
3) reread section summaries from your new workbooks
4) answer the questions at the back of each chapter section
5) answer the questions at the back of the unit section
6) use the online resources from your textbook
7) DON’T LEAVE STUDYING FOR THE LAST DAY!

Rome, Judaism, and Christianity Terms

msimonsen — Mon, 27 Aug 2007 17:57:35 +0000

republic – representatives of the people who make government decisions
senate – Patrician branch of Roman government
Assembly of the Plebeians – Plebeian branch of Roman government
dictator – Roman leader who had absolute power only in emergencies
law codes – written law
tribunes –officials elected by Plebeians to protect their interests
veto – power to block a government action
consul – supervised the business of government and commanded Rome’s armies
Justinian’s Code – Body of Civil Law; included laws passed by assemblies and emperors and the legal writings of Roman judges

Judaism – religion of the Hebrews
Ten Commandments – God’s law for the Hebrews
monotheism – belief in one God
polytheism – belief in many Gods
prophets – Jewish spiritual leaders who interpreted God’s will
covenant – promise or binding agreement
diaspora – scattering of people (Jews)

Christianity – religion founded on the teachings of Jesus Christ
Paul (apostle) – a Jew who helped spread Christianity